名míng落luò孙sūn山shān

In the Song Dynasty(960-1279) there was a joker called Sun Shan.

宋sòng代dài有yǒu一yí个gè名míng叫jiào孙sūn山shān的de才cái子zǐ，，他tā为wéi人rén幽yōu默mò，，很hěn善shàn于yú说shuō笑xiào话huà，，所suǒ以yǐ人rén称chēng滑huá稽jī才cái子zǐ。。

One year he went to take the imperial examination, and came bottom of the list of successful candidates. Back in his hometown, one of his neighbours asked him whether the neighbour’s son had also passed. Sun Shan said, with a smile: “Sun Shan was the last on the list, your son came after Sun Shan.”

一yī年nián，，他tā和hé一yí个gè同tóng乡xiāng的de儿ér子zi去qù京jīng城chéng参cān加jiā举jǔ人rén的de考kǎo试shì。。放fàng榜bǎng的de时shí候hòu，，孙sūn山shān的de名míng字zì虽suī然rán列liè在zài榜bǎng文wén的de倒dào数shǔ第dì一yī名míng，，但dàn仍réng然rán是shì榜bǎng上shàng有yǒu名míng，，而ér他tā那nà位wèi同tóng乡xiāng的de儿ér子zi，，却què没méi能néng考kǎo上shàng。。不bù久jiǔ，，孙sūn山shān先xiān回huí到dào家jiā里lǐ，，同tóng乡xiāng便biàn来lái问wèn他tā自zì己jǐ的de儿ér子zi有yǒu没méi有yǒu考kǎo取qǔ。。孙sūn山shān既jì不bù好hǎo意yì思sī直zhí说shuō，，又yòu不bù便biàn隐yǐn瞒mán，，于yú是shì，，就jiù随suí口kǒu念niàn出chū两liǎng句jù不bù成chéng诗shī的de诗shī句jù来lái：：解jiè元yuán尽jǐn处chù是shì孙sūn山shān，，贤xián郎láng更gèng在zài孙sūn山shān外wài。。解jiè元yuán，，就jiù是shì我wǒ国guó科kē举jǔ制zhì度dù所suǒ规guī定dìng的de举jǔ人rén的de第dì一yī名míng。。而ér孙sūn山shān在zài诗shī里lǐ所suǒ谓wèi的de解jiè元yuán，，乃nǎi是shì泛fàn指zhǐ一yì般bān考kǎo取qǔ的de举jǔ人rén。。他tā的de意yì思sī是shì说shuō：：举jǔ人rén榜bǎng上shàng的de最zuì后hòu一yī名míng是shì我wǒ孙sūn山shān，，而ér令lìng郎láng的de名míng字zì却què还hái在zài我wǒ孙sūn山shān的de后hòu面miàn。。

Later, people used this idiom to indicate failing in an examination or competition.

从cóng此cǐ，，人rén们men便biàn根gēn据jù这zhè个gè故gù事shì，，把bǎ投tóu考kǎo学xué校xiào或huò参cān加jiā各gè种zhǒng考kǎo试shì没méi有yǒu被bèi录lù取qǔ叫jiào做zuò名míng落luò孙sūn山shān。。