【原文】

卫灵公问陈于孔子，孔子对曰：“俎豆之事，则尝闻之矣；军旅之事，未之学也。”明日遂行。

【注释】

1.陈：同“阵”，部队作战时布列阵势。

2.俎(zu)豆: 俎和豆均为古代盛食物的器皿，用作祭祀时的礼器。此处译为礼仪之事。

【双语译】

卫灵公向孔子询问排兵布阵的方法。孔子回答说：“祭祀礼仪方面的事情，我听说过；用兵打仗的事，从来没有学过。”第二天就离开了卫国。

Lord Ling of Wei asked the Master how to arrange his troops in war. The Master replied, "I have heard of sacrifices and rituals, but have never learned how to fight a war." He left the state the next day.

【原文】

在陈绝粮，从者病莫能兴。子路愠见曰：“君子亦有穷乎？”子曰：“君子固穷，小人穷斯滥矣。”

【注释】

1.愠(yun):怒，怨恨。

2.固穷：固守贫困，忍耐贫困。

【双语译】

孔子一行在陈国断炊，随从的人都饿病了，起不来了。子路心里不悦，来见孔子说，“君子也有穷得毫无办法的时候吗？” 孔子说，“君子在困窘时还能固守正道，小人一困窘就会胡作非为。”

When in Cheng, the Master’s team was running out of food with followers too hungry and sick to stand onto feet. Zi Lu, displeased, came to see the Master and said, “Does one superior also have the time with no way out?” The Master said, “One superior, when in need, will stick to righteousness, but one mean, when so, will run amok.”